{"id":18996,"date":"2022-04-22T10:26:23","date_gmt":"2022-04-22T10:26:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/ukraine-shows-democracy-must-be-seen-as-a-strategic-asset\/"},"modified":"2025-04-07T08:14:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T08:14:45","slug":"ukraine-shows-democracy-must-be-seen-as-a-strategic-asset","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/fr\/ukraine-shows-democracy-must-be-seen-as-a-strategic-asset\/","title":{"rendered":"L'Ukraine montre que la d\u00e9mocratie doit \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme un atout strat\u00e9gique"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thijs Berman est le directeur ex\u00e9cutif de l'Institut n\u00e9erlandais pour la d\u00e9mocratie multipartite. Au d\u00e9but de sa carri\u00e8re, il \u00e9tait bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Moscou pour la radio n\u00e9erlandaise. De 2004 \u00e0 2014, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9put\u00e9 europ\u00e9en et, en 2004, il a fait partie de l'\u00e9quipe parlementaire charg\u00e9e de surveiller les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles en Ukraine. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Si l'invasion de l'Ukraine n'\u00e9tait pas une trag\u00e9die aussi affreuse, nous pourrions comprendre son ironie : le dirigeant autocratique Vladimir Poutine montre au monde \u00e0 quel point la d\u00e9mocratie est essentielle pour une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 libre et pacifique.<\/p>\n

Si nous avions v\u00e9cu \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque d'une Russie d\u00e9mocratique, le parlement aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 la voix du peuple et aurait d\u00e9battu des projets belliqueux de mani\u00e8re ouverte et transparente. Une opposition forte exigerait des politiques diff\u00e9rentes et insisterait sur le dialogue et les compromis pacifiques. Des m\u00e9dias ind\u00e9pendants d\u00e9mentiraient la d\u00e9sinformation dans une Russie libre et engageraient un d\u00e9bat critique sur la \"justesse\" d'une invasion de l'Ukraine. La population ne serait pas inond\u00e9e de propagande. Avec des organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile fortes, l'opposition \u00e0 la guerre se d\u00e9velopperait.<\/p>\n

Pouvoir illimit\u00e9, injustice illimit\u00e9e<\/h2>\n

Mais la Russie d\u00e9mocratique ne s'est jamais mat\u00e9rialis\u00e9e. Au lieu de cela, le monde a observ\u00e9, \u00e0 travers les d\u00e9bris du mur de Berlin, le d\u00e9veloppement de la corruption et la mort des espoirs d\u00e9mocratiques. Jamais auparavant autant de richesses n'\u00e9taient tomb\u00e9es entre les mains d'une \u00e9lite aussi restreinte en si peu de temps qu'au cours des derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies en Russie. Ce saccage n'a pu r\u00e9ussir que parce que les m\u00e9dias ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duits au silence, que le parlement est devenu une chambre d'enregistrement et que les juges ont suivi servilement. Pouvoir illimit\u00e9, injustice illimit\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

De nombreux observateurs \u00e9trangers s'attendaient \u00e0 ce que le march\u00e9 libre fasse le travail. Selon eux, les entrepreneurs avaient simplement besoin de lois claires et de conditions \u00e9quitables, de sorte que la d\u00e9mocratie et l'\u00c9tat de droit, avec tous ses freins et contrepoids, se d\u00e9veloppent progressivement et organiquement. Il s'est av\u00e9r\u00e9 que cette vision des choses \u00e9tait extr\u00eamement optimiste. La construction et le renforcement de la d\u00e9mocratie et de l'\u00c9tat de droit exigent le d\u00e9veloppement d'une culture d\u00e9mocratique et un travail quotidien \u00e0 tous les niveaux, des villages aux villes, des cours des comptes aux parlements, et des commissariats de police aux classes d'\u00e9cole.<\/p>\n

Promouvoir la r\u00e9silience de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique<\/h2>\n

Pourtant, la d\u00e9mocratie est plus qu'un droit. La d\u00e9mocratie produit \u00e9galement de meilleurs r\u00e9sultats, qu'il s'agisse de la pr\u00e9vention des conflits ou de la sant\u00e9 publique. M\u00eame l'\u00e9chec de l'arm\u00e9e russe en Ukraine s'explique en partie par l'absence de d\u00e9mocratie. Les dirigeants de l'arm\u00e9e n'ont pas os\u00e9 contredire Poutine sur son sc\u00e9nario de guerre \u00e9clair et ont menti aux soldats sur l'invasion. Des officiers corrompus ont achet\u00e9 en toute impunit\u00e9 des \u00e9quipements de qualit\u00e9 inf\u00e9rieure. C'est pourquoi les camions de l'arm\u00e9e russe stationnent sur les routes ukrainiennes depuis des semaines avec des r\u00e9servoirs vides, des pneus crev\u00e9s et des troupes d\u00e9moralis\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

En Europe, apr\u00e8s l'invasion russe, des investissements massifs dans la d\u00e9fense ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9s \u00e0 la vitesse de l'\u00e9clair, de m\u00eame que des mesures visant \u00e0 s\u00e9curiser les produits strat\u00e9giques tels que l'\u00e9nergie et les denr\u00e9es alimentaires.<\/p>\n

Mais une autre mesure est au moins aussi urgente. Car quoi de plus strat\u00e9gique pour la paix et la prosp\u00e9rit\u00e9 que la r\u00e9silience de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9mocratique elle-m\u00eame ?<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Il est donc grand temps de consid\u00e9rer la d\u00e9mocratie comme un atout strat\u00e9gique, dont la qualit\u00e9 est vitale pour la survie d'une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 libre et ouverte et pour la protection de la paix et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Cette prise de conscience doit conduire \u00e0 une r\u00e9vision urgente des politiques int\u00e9rieures et ext\u00e9rieures de l'Europe.<\/p>\n

Investir dans la d\u00e9mocratie en tant qu'atout strat\u00e9gique<\/h2>\n

Investir dans la d\u00e9mocratie est de loin la police d'assurance la moins ch\u00e8re contre la guerre. Mais cela n'en fait pas un choix simple. Cela signifie que chaque pays d\u00e9mocratique doit oser se regarder dans le miroir. Ce n'est que lorsque les d\u00e9mocraties les plus \u00e9tablies se d\u00e9barrasseront de leur complaisance et seront ouvertes \u00e0 la critique qu'elles deviendront cr\u00e9dibles dans leur dialogue avec les autres pays. Dans quelle mesure notre d\u00e9mocratie est-elle inclusive ? Qui est encore exclu ? Quels sont les droits insuffisamment prot\u00e9g\u00e9s ? Comment nos institutions d\u00e9mocratiques assument-elles leur responsabilit\u00e9 de servir et d'offrir un acc\u00e8s \u00e9gal \u00e0 chaque personne ?<\/p>\n

Si nous devons nous efforcer de restaurer la confiance de nos concitoyens dans leur gouvernement, nous devons en m\u00eame temps examiner comment promouvoir la d\u00e9mocratie en tant qu'atout strat\u00e9gique \u00e0 l'\u00e9chelle mondiale. Cela doit nous amener \u00e0 revoir radicalement nos priorit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Nous devons veiller \u00e0 ce que la d\u00e9mocratie devienne une pierre angulaire de la strat\u00e9gie g\u00e9opolitique. C'est dans cette optique que le NIMD et 16 autres organisations de d\u00e9fense de la d\u00e9mocratie et des droits de l'homme, en collaboration avec l'Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS), ont lanc\u00e9 un appel \u00e0 l'action.\u00a0Partenariat europ\u00e9en pour la d\u00e9mocratie\u00a0<\/a>- ont mis en place 10 recommandations pour une r\u00e9ponse europ\u00e9enne<\/a>\u00a0\u00e0 cette attaque contre l'Ukraine et la d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>\n

La paix et la d\u00e9mocratie en jeu<\/h2>\n

Parce que nous devons accorder une plus grande priorit\u00e9 au renforcement des d\u00e9mocraties. Cela peut se faire en formant les hommes politiques d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but de leur carri\u00e8re, en soutenant le dialogue dans les pays sortant d'un conflit, en aidant les femmes et les minorit\u00e9s \u00e0 acc\u00e9der \u00e0 des postes \u00e9lectifs, en renfor\u00e7ant les parlements et les autorit\u00e9s locales et en aidant les m\u00e9dias libres et les organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile.<\/p>\n

In\u00e9vitablement, le r\u00e9tablissement de la confiance entre les hommes politiques et les \u00e9lecteurs figurera en bonne place \u00e0 l'ordre du jour. Apr\u00e8s tout, dans de nombreuses d\u00e9mocraties, jeunes et anciennes, les \u00e9lites se servent confortablement sous le regard avide de la population. Cela ne peut plus durer, car sans justice sociale et sans lutte contre la corruption, c'est la survie m\u00eame de la d\u00e9mocratie qui est en jeu. Et avec elle, la paix.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thijs Berman est le directeur ex\u00e9cutif de l'Institut n\u00e9erlandais pour la d\u00e9mocratie multipartite. Au d\u00e9but de sa carri\u00e8re, il \u00e9tait bas\u00e9 \u00e0 Moscou pour la radio n\u00e9erlandaise. De 2004 \u00e0 2014, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9put\u00e9 europ\u00e9en et, en 2004, il a fait partie de l'\u00e9quipe parlementaire charg\u00e9e de surveiller les \u00e9lections pr\u00e9sidentielles en Ukraine. Si l'invasion de l'Ukraine \u00e9tait ... <\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[99,149],"tags":[],"countries":[],"theme":[70,69,73],"class_list":["post-18996","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-opinion-analysis","theme-democracy-education","theme-dialogue","theme-responsive-politics"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nUkraine shows democracy must be seen as a strategic asset - NIMD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nimd.org\/fr\/ukraine-shows-democracy-must-be-seen-as-a-strategic-asset\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ukraine shows democracy must be seen as a strategic asset\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Thijs Berman is the Executive Director of the Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy. 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