{"id":18933,"date":"2020-10-28T16:32:29","date_gmt":"2020-10-28T16:32:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/whose-democracy-exploring-the-concept-of-democracy-across-africa\/"},"modified":"2025-04-07T08:10:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-07T08:10:57","slug":"whose-democracy-exploring-the-concept-of-democracy-across-africa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/fr\/whose-democracy-exploring-the-concept-of-democracy-across-africa\/","title":{"rendered":"Quelle d\u00e9mocratie ? Explorer le concept de d\u00e9mocratie en Afrique"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le NIMD s'est lanc\u00e9 dans un nouveau projet intitul\u00e9 \"WhoseDemocracy ? Lab'.<\/p>\n

Le projet rassemble des personnes de tout le continent africain pour repenser le concept de d\u00e9mocratie.<\/p>\n

L'id\u00e9e est de cr\u00e9er des laboratoires d\u00e9mocratiques pluridisciplinaires, des espaces en ligne qui rassemblent des personnes de pays, de contextes et d'horizons diff\u00e9rents.<\/p>\n

Ces personnes s'engageront dans un processus innovant o\u00f9 elles sortiront de la tradition et travailleront ensemble pour remettre en question les hypoth\u00e8ses, penser de mani\u00e8re cr\u00e9ative et aller au c\u0153ur de ce que la d\u00e9mocratie signifie pour elles.<\/p>\n

Mais, plus encore, nous esp\u00e9rons que les conversations que nous entamons d\u00e9boucheront sur davantage d'actions et d'initiatives. Explorer ce que signifie la d\u00e9mocratie, o\u00f9 les syst\u00e8mes actuels \u00e9chouent et o\u00f9 il y a des possibilit\u00e9s de changement sont des premiers pas importants vers des d\u00e9mocraties plus inclusives qui fonctionnent vraiment dans leur contexte. Il s'agit de trouver des moyens de \"faire de la d\u00e9mocratie\" qui correspondent au contexte, aux besoins, aux cultures et aux normes de chaque pays.<\/p>\n

En septembre, deux laboratoires sur la d\u00e9mocratie ont \u00e9t\u00e9 organis\u00e9s pour analyser les lacunes du syst\u00e8me d\u00e9mocratique actuel.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Les laboratoires de la d\u00e9mocratie jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent : Labo 1<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Les r\u00e9sultats du premier de ces laboratoires ont port\u00e9 sur l'\u00e9ducation civique, la confiance de l'\u00c9tat, la marginalisation des groupes ethniques et la d\u00e9mocratie sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la culture.<\/p>\n

Au cours de cette conversation, un consensus g\u00e9n\u00e9ral s'est d\u00e9gag\u00e9 sur le fait que la d\u00e9mocratie, telle qu'elle est connue et pratiqu\u00e9e actuellement dans les pays africains, n'a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 adapt\u00e9e de mani\u00e8re ad\u00e9quate aux diff\u00e9rents contextes de ces pays.<\/p>\n

Le sentiment \u00e9tait que la fa\u00e7on dont la d\u00e9mocratie \u00e9tait mise en \u0153uvre dans ces pays \u00e9tait un exercice de copier-coller qui avait mal tourn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"Nous utilisons la mauvaise carte. On ne peut pas s'attendre \u00e0 utiliser la carte de la d\u00e9mocratie de l'Angleterre au Nigeria, sachant que c'est totalement diff\u00e9rent. Le contexte est diff\u00e9rent.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Une participante kenyane a soulign\u00e9, par exemple, comment les id\u00e9es europ\u00e9ennes de la d\u00e9mocratie se sont transform\u00e9es en une compr\u00e9hension universelle de ce que signifie la d\u00e9mocratie. Cela a conduit \u00e0 une d\u00e9connexion avec la politique kenyane, o\u00f9 elle pense que les \u00e9lections ont trop souvent un contexte tr\u00e8s ax\u00e9 sur l'appartenance ethnique.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Alors, comment assurer une meilleure ad\u00e9quation avec les contextes africains ? Les participants ont estim\u00e9 qu'une partie de la r\u00e9ponse pourrait r\u00e9sider dans l'apprentissage du pass\u00e9, la prise en compte de l'\u00e9poque pr\u00e9coloniale et la compr\u00e9hension du lien entre la d\u00e9mocratie et la culture.<\/p>\n

\"Il s'agit donc d'une conversation, d'un dialogue, d'un retour en arri\u00e8re, d'une le\u00e7on tir\u00e9e de notre histoire et d'une pr\u00e9vision de l'avenir.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Les laboratoires de la d\u00e9mocratie jusqu'\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent : Labo 2<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Comme pour le premier groupe, les r\u00e9sultats de ce groupe tournent autour de l'engagement civique, de l'\u00e9ducation et de l'absence d'institutions stables.<\/p>\n

Si certains membres du groupe se sont demand\u00e9 si la d\u00e9mocratie pouvait \u00eatre remplac\u00e9e par un autre type de structure politique, d'autres ont estim\u00e9 qu'une d\u00e9mocratie plus contextualis\u00e9e \u00e9tait la voie \u00e0 suivre.<\/p>\n

\"Nous devons contextualiser la d\u00e9mocratie. Nous ne pouvons pas vouloir l'alternative. (...) L'alternative est la dictature. Nous disons qu'il y a un probl\u00e8me avec les id\u00e9es occidentales et eurocentriques de la d\u00e9mocratie, qui est en fait bas\u00e9e sur l'individualisme et les id\u00e9aux europ\u00e9ens\".<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Un participant a soulign\u00e9 qu'il \u00e9tait bon d'\u00eatre d\u00e9prim\u00e9 par l'\u00e9tat de la d\u00e9mocratie africaine, car l'\u00e9tat actuel de la d\u00e9mocratie est, en fait, d\u00e9primant.<\/p>\n

\"Malheureusement, nous avons un gouvernement pour l'\u00e9lite, par l'\u00e9lite, pour l'\u00e9lite. Ils font tout ce qu'ils peuvent pour acc\u00e9der \u00e0 un poste et une fois qu'ils y sont, ils se contentent d'accumuler des richesses.<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Lorsqu'on leur a demand\u00e9 comment aller de l'avant, de nombreux participants ont soulign\u00e9 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de s'\u00e9loigner de la division soci\u00e9tale entre les \u00e9lites et le peuple. Pour eux, le syst\u00e8me devrait toujours \u00eatre au service des citoyens, de tous les citoyens et pas seulement des majorit\u00e9s ethniques.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Une conversation en cours<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Quelle est la suite du projet WhoseDemocracy ? Lab ?<\/p>\n

Comme le souligne Michael Onyebuchi Eze, animateur de la session, la conversation est toujours en cours.<\/p>\n

\"Nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 en mesure de diss\u00e9quer certains des probl\u00e8mes et des d\u00e9fis de la d\u00e9mocratie en Afrique.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que les exp\u00e9riences des participants sont vari\u00e9es et ne peuvent \u00eatre g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9es, nous devons r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 la mani\u00e8re dont ces questions peuvent conduire \u00e0 des propositions significatives qui fonctionnent dans leurs diff\u00e9rents contextes\".<\/p>\n

Tout au long du processus, nous esp\u00e9rons un dialogue constructif qui stimulera le changement et conduira \u00e0 un climat politique plus sain\".<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le NIMD s'est lanc\u00e9 dans un nouveau projet intitul\u00e9 \"WhoseDemocracy ? Lab'. Ce projet rassemble des personnes de tout le continent africain pour repenser le concept de d\u00e9mocratie. L'id\u00e9e est de cr\u00e9er des laboratoires de d\u00e9mocratie pluridisciplinaires, des espaces en ligne qui rassemblent des personnes de pays, de contextes et d'horizons diff\u00e9rents. Ces personnes s'engageront dans un processus innovant o\u00f9 ... <\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24905,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[],"countries":[92],"theme":[],"class_list":["post-18933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","countries-niger"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nWhose Democracy? 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