{"id":19051,"date":"2023-12-22T11:25:27","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T11:25:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/guatemala-an-atypical-electoral-process\/"},"modified":"2025-07-07T03:25:42","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T03:25:42","slug":"guatemala-an-atypical-electoral-process","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nimd.org\/es\/guatemala-an-atypical-electoral-process\/","title":{"rendered":"Guatemala: Un proceso electoral at\u00edpico"},"content":{"rendered":"

La Directora de NIMD Guatemala, Claudia Maselli, reflexiona sobre la situaci\u00f3n actual en Guatemala y los pasos necesarios para allanar el camino hacia la unidad nacional.<\/p>\n

Desde 1985, a\u00f1o de la transici\u00f3n a la democracia en Guatemala, no hab\u00eda habido un proceso electoral tan at\u00edpico como las \u00faltimas elecciones celebradas en Guatemala los pasados meses de junio y agosto. Las elecciones sirvieron para que el pueblo guatemalteco votara por el gobierno local, el parlamento y el nuevo presidente.<\/p>\n

Sin embargo, el nivel de controversia surgido en torno a la integridad de las elecciones no tiene precedentes. Los desaf\u00edos comenzaron ya en enero de 2023, cuando se inici\u00f3 el proceso electoral general. Llovieron las acusaciones de los observadores del proceso electoral, que acusaban al organismo electoral de favorecer a algunos candidatos en su inscripci\u00f3n y se\u00f1alar a otros prohibi\u00e9ndoles competir. Las acusaciones fueron variadas. Incluso provoc\u00f3 la anulaci\u00f3n de uno de los tres partidos que se presentaban a la carrera electoral con importante intenci\u00f3n de voto por parte de los electores, como sorprendentemente se reflej\u00f3 en un sondeo puntual.<\/p>\n

Elecciones generales Guatemala 2023<\/strong><\/p>\n

A pesar de lo anterior, las elecciones se celebraron el 25 de junio y el 20 de agosto. La agitaci\u00f3n electoral fue menor que en 2019.<\/p>\n

A pesar de las circunstancias, la participaci\u00f3n de los ciudadanos fue notablemente alta en Guatemala teniendo en cuenta la incertidumbre del proceso electoral. 60% de los ciudadanos inscritos acudieron a las urnas, una cifra muy similar a la de las elecciones de 2019, aunque un elevado n\u00famero de j\u00f3venes no se inscribi\u00f3 para votar.<\/p>\n

En la primera vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales, los ciudadanos expresaron su descontento con el sistema pol\u00edtico con 17% votos nulos. Sin embargo, no hubo mayor\u00eda en los resultados electorales de la primera vuelta. Al final, s\u00f3lo los dos partidos m\u00e1s votados -el partido Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza y el partido Movimiento Semilla- pasaron a la segunda vuelta.<\/p>\n

A pesar de los intentos de apartar al Movimiento Semilla de la carrera electoral, el 20 de agosto se celebraron las elecciones, que se saldaron con una aplastante victoria del Movimiento Semilla, que obtuvo 58% de los votos, frente a 37% de los votos de la Unidad Nacional de la Esperanza.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Foto: 502STUDIO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La participaci\u00f3n ciudadana, indispensable para la democracia<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antes, durante y despu\u00e9s de las elecciones qued\u00f3 claro que los ciudadanos de Guatemala siguen creyendo en la democracia. Las elecciones justas y equitativas son un componente clave.<\/p>\n

Un ejemplo de ello es c\u00f3mo los ciudadanos desempe\u00f1aron un papel activo en las elecciones participando en los \u00f3rganos electorales temporales (por ejemplo, juntas departamentales, juntas municipales y juntas de votaci\u00f3n); colaborando estrechamente con los fiscales de los partidos pol\u00edticos y las distintas misiones de observaci\u00f3n nacionales e internacionales.<\/p>\n

La dedicaci\u00f3n mostrada por los ciudadanos que participaron voluntariamente en las juntas electorales fue notable. Aunque no fueron testigos de ninguna irregularidad durante las elecciones, despu\u00e9s de \u00e9stas fueron sometidos a escrutinio. Al final, junto con otros ejercicios de observaci\u00f3n ciudadana, se confirm\u00f3 la integridad de la votaci\u00f3n del 25 de junio y se desmintieron las acusaciones de fraude electoral.<\/p>\n

Varias misiones de observaci\u00f3n electoral nacionales e internacionales estuvieron presentes durante las elecciones. La Misi\u00f3n Local de Observaci\u00f3n K'AT (MOEL K'AT) elogi\u00f3 la participaci\u00f3n de personas de comunidades ind\u00edgenas, j\u00f3venes y personas con discapacidad, formada por varios grupos de ciudadanos formados por NIMD. Estas misiones y observaciones dieron legitimidad, tanto dentro como fuera del pa\u00eds, al proceso de votaci\u00f3n y subrayaron el inter\u00e9s de los ciudadanos por elegir a las personas que consideraban m\u00e1s adecuadas para los distintos cargos electivos.<\/p>\n

Avanzar <\/strong><\/p>\n

NIMD est\u00e1 presente en Guatemala desde 2002<\/a> y trabaja a todos los niveles del panorama pol\u00edtico para promover un mayor desarrollo de una democracia multipartidista verdaderamente integradora. Una tarea con la que seguimos comprometidos.<\/p>\n

Una democracia que fomenta la participaci\u00f3n pol\u00edtica en las elecciones es parte fundamental de su buen funcionamiento, transparencia e inclusividad. La defensa por parte del Tribunal Electoral de la integridad de los ciudadanos voluntarios que compon\u00edan los \u00f3rganos electorales temporales fue importante para mantener los principios de la democracia.<\/p>\n

Creaci\u00f3n de actores pol\u00edticos receptivos, <\/a>Continuaci\u00f3n de di\u00e1logo<\/a>Por lo tanto, fortalecer los partidos pol\u00edticos, su estructura y la inclusi\u00f3n de las diversas voces de sus electores no s\u00f3lo es necesario, sino que es una piedra angular para desarrollar pol\u00edticas p\u00fablicas que sit\u00faen al ciudadano en el centro.<\/p>\n

El camino que queda por recorrer a\u00fan no est\u00e1 claro, pero est\u00e1 lleno de esperanza, porque cada vez hay m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes que exigen una democracia inclusiva, uni\u00e9ndose a comunidades ind\u00edgenas, grupos de reflexi\u00f3n, universidades, activistas y una clase pol\u00edtica renovada que est\u00e1n empujando colectivamente a Guatemala hacia una democracia funcional, inclusiva y responsable.<\/p>\n

La esperanza es que el di\u00e1logo, aplicado en un marco de confianza, respeto mutuo y transparencia, siente las bases de un nuevo contrato social y allane el camino hacia la unidad nacional.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La Directora de Pa\u00eds de NIMD Guatemala, Claudia Maselli, reflexiona sobre la situaci\u00f3n actual en Guatemala y los pasos necesarios para allanar el camino hacia la unidad nacional. Desde 1985, a\u00f1o de la transici\u00f3n a la democracia en Guatemala, no se hab\u00eda vivido un proceso electoral tan at\u00edpico como las \u00faltimas elecciones celebradas en Guatemala los pasados meses de junio y agosto. Las elecciones ... <\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":21805,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[],"countries":[84],"theme":[],"class_list":["post-19051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinion-analysis","countries-guatemala"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGuatemala: An atypical electoral process - NIMD<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nimd.org\/es\/guatemala-an-atypical-electoral-process\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Guatemala: An atypical electoral process\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"NIMD Guatemala Country Director Claudia Maselli reflects on the current situation in Guatemala and the steps needed to pave the way for national unity. 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